现在完成时和过去完成时复习精析精练

2023-04-10/ 离石信息港/ 查看: 214/ 评论: 10

摘要现在完成时和过去完成时复习精析精练现在完成时（1）强调动作到说话已经完成，表示过去的动作对现在的影响

现在完成时和过去完成时复习精析精练
现在完成时
（1）强调动作到说话已经完成，表示过去的动作对现在的影响或结果，常用recently, lately, ever, never, once, before, yet, just等作时间状语。
He has lost his wallet and can’t find it. 他丢了钱包，而且找不到了。
They have been good friends since they met at a meeting.
自从在一个会议上见面后，他们就成为好朋友了。
（2）表示从过去某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在而且还有可能持续下去的动作。常用so far, up till now, since, for a long time, in the past years, these days等作时间状语。
Don’t get off until the bus has stopped. 公交停下了再下车。
I have learned 4,000 English words since I went to college. 上大学以来，我已经学了4000个英语单词。
（3）常用于现在完成时的句型
① It is/has been +一段时间+ since 从句
② This/That/It is the first/second... time + that从句（从句用现在完成时）
③ It/ This is the best/worst/most interesting+名词+ that从句（从句用现在完成时）

He has lived here since 1980. 从1980年，他就在这里生活。

新概念英语视频
 八年级英语课本人教版
 英语人教版八年级下册

This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最有趣的一本书。
It is the second time that you have been here. 这是你第二次来这里。

过去完成时
表过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态，即“过去的过去”。在使用过去完成时时，一定要有过去的时间或动作作为参照。
（1）表示“一……就……”，用于hardly/scarcely...when, no sooner...than 句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。并且no sooner 与hardly等位于句首时，此部分须用部分倒装。
I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow. 我刚一走进房间就开始下雪了。
No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. （注意主谓倒装）我刚到家，电话就响了。
（2）表示“第几次做某事”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。
That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather. 那是她第二次见她的祖父。
（3）动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan等表示主观想法的动词，可用于过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图，意为“本来想……”。
They had wanted to help, but they could not get there in time. 他们本想帮忙，但没能及时赶到那里。

It’s interesting that technology often works as a servant for us, yet frequently we become a servant to it. E-mail is a useful tool but many feel controlled by this new tool. The average business person is getting about 80 e-mails per day and many feel that about 80% of the messages in their “Inbox” are of little or no value. So, I have four suggestions to help you to become better at “Erasing E-mail”.
1.Get off the lists. The best way to deal with a problem is to never have it. If you are receiving a lot of unwanted e-mails, ask to be removed from the various lists. This would include your inclusion in unwanted lists.
2.“Unlisted address”. Just as you keep an “unlisted” telephone number that you share only with those whom you want to have direct access to, you might want to get a separate e-mail address only for the important communications you wish to receive.
3.Check it once or twice per day. Many I speak with are becoming chained to their email server, monitoring incoming email continuously. Maybe this is because e-mail creates its own sense of urgency, but most of the communications are not all that urgent. I respond to them a couple of times per day.
4.Deal with it. As you open each e-mail, do one of the following:
a. If it requires a quick response, respond to it and delete it.
b. If it requires a response but is not the best use of your time, try to find someone else to do it.
c. If it is going to take any serious amount of time to respond, schedule it for action in your Day Planner and then download the message, save it, or print it out for future action.
I personally receive about 250 e-mails per day and by practicing the suggestions above, I can handle that volume in about an hour, taking advantage of this fantastic tool but not being controlled by it to make sure I’m doing more important tasks in my day.
1．For the important communications, the writer suggests that you ________.
A. have a direct access for them
B. have several e-mail servers for them
C. get a separate e-mail address for them
D. get an unlisted phone number for them
2．To avoid being chained by the coming e-mails, what you can do is to ________.
A. respond urgent ones only
B. reply to all of them at the same time
C. handle them a couple of times daily
D. keep replying to e-mails all day long
3．To deal with an e-mail you get, you can do the following EXCEPT ________.
A. responding right away if it’s urgent
B. downloading every e-mail before yo u reply
C. scheduling it for later reply if it takes much time
D. asking someone else to reply to it if it’s not at your convenience